Potting Soil Conversion Calculator: Quarts, Cubic Feet, Gallons, Litres and Bags

Bagged mix is sold in dry quarts, pot sizes are quoted in inches, nursery pots are quoted in "gallons" that are not gallons, and bag labels switch to cubic feet. This converts between all of them and tells you how many bags a given container actually takes.

Four different units for one bag of dirt

A small bag is labelled in dry quarts. A big bag is labelled in cubic feet. Buckets are described in gallons. Everything outside the US is in litres. And the pot you are filling is described in inches - or, if it came from a nursery, in "gallons" that are not gallons either.

None of that is anyone's fault, but it is why the arithmetic goes wrong so often. This converts between all of them and finishes with the two numbers that actually decide the shopping trip: how many containers your soil fills, and how many bags one container takes.

Cubic feet1.00 cu ft
Dry quarts25.7The unit small bags of potting mix are sold in. One cubic foot is 25.7 of them.
US gallons7.48
Litres28.3
Approximate dry weight20 lbAt about 20 lb per cubic foot. Wet mix weighs two to three times this - the number that matters for a balcony.
Containers this fills1.6
Bags to fill one container1Rounded up, for the container and bag size selected. Ignores the amount above.
Worked examples
ExampleCubic feetDry quartsUS gallonsLitresApproximate dry weightContainers this fillsBags to fill one container
1 cubic foot of mix, filling 5-gallon buckets1.00 cu ft25.77.4828.320 lb1.61
25 dry quarts, filling 12-inch pots0.97 cu ft25.07.2727.519 lb1.71
50 litres, filling a 16-inch pot1.77 cu ft45.413.2150.035 lb1.41
2 cubic feet, filling nursery "1 gallon" pots2.00 cu ft51.414.9656.640 lb20.21
8 dry quarts, filling a window box0.31 cu ft8.02.338.86 lb0.53
One of each unit, in cubic feet
UnitCubic feet (cu ft)
cubicFoot1
dryQuart0.04
usGallon0.13
litre0.04

These are exact unit definitions, not estimates. ★ The one that catches people: potting soil is sold by the DRY quart (1.101 litres), not the liquid quart (0.946 litres), so a cubic foot is 25.7 dry quarts rather than the 29.9 you get if you use the liquid figure. US gallons here are liquid gallons, which is what a bucket is measured in. Note that none of these are the same as a nursery "gallon" pot - see the container table.

Usable soil volume by container (leaving about an inch of headroom)
ContainerUsable soil (cu ft)
bucket50.62
pot100.35
pot120.57
pot140.86
pot161.22
nursery10.10
nursery30.34
windowBox0.68

Round pots are calculated from their nominal top diameter and a typical depth for that diameter, then reduced by roughly an inch of headroom so the soil does not wash over the rim - a full-to-the-brim figure overstates what you need to buy. Real pots taper, so treat these as close estimates rather than exact volumes; if you have the pot in front of you, the site's potting soil calculator works from your own measurements. ★★ The two nursery rows are the important ones: a trade "1 gallon" pot holds about 2.8 litres and a "3 gallon" about 9.5 litres, well short of the 3.79 and 11.36 litres those names imply. Nursery pot sizes are trade designations, not measurements, and this is the single most common reason a soil calculation comes out short.

Common bag sizes in cubic feet
BagVolume (cu ft)
qt80.31
qt160.62
qt250.97
cf11
cf1_51.50
cf22
l501.77

Converted from the labelled size using the exact unit definitions above. Bag labels are the compressed volume at packing; mixes containing peat or coir loosen when moistened and worked, so the same bag often goes slightly further in practice than the label suggests. Buying by cubic feet is usually cheaper per unit volume than buying the same total in small quart bags.

Assumptions and limits

  • Dry quarts, not liquid quarts. Bagged growing media is a dry good and is labelled accordingly; using the liquid quart overstates a cubic foot by about 16%.
  • Container volumes assume roughly an inch of headroom below the rim and a typical depth for each nominal diameter. Pots taper differently, so these are close estimates.
  • Nursery pot "gallons" are trade sizes rather than measurements and hold noticeably less than the name suggests.
  • Weight is a rough guide at about 20 lb per cubic foot for a dry peat-based mix. Bark-heavy or sand-amended mixes are heavier, and any mix watered in is far heavier.
  • Bag labels describe compressed volume at packing. Loosened and moistened, a bag usually goes a little further.

The dry quart is the one that catches people

There are two quarts in American measure. The liquid quart is 0.946 litres; the dry quart is 1.101 litres, about 16% larger. Growing media is a dry good and is sold in dry quarts.

Use the liquid figure and a cubic foot appears to hold nearly 30 quarts. It holds 25.7. Do that across a whole raised bed or a row of pots and you finish the job several bags short, which is the usual version of this mistake - people rarely buy too much.

A "1 gallon" nursery pot is not a gallon

Trade pot sizes are names, not measurements. A #1 pot - what everyone calls a one-gallon - holds roughly 2.8 litres of soil rather than the 3.79 litres a US gallon actually is. A #3 holds around 9.5 litres, not 11.4.

The gap is roughly a quarter, and it compounds: potting up twenty #1 pots takes about fifteen litres less mix than the name implies, which sounds like good news until you realise every soil estimate you have read that used the nominal figure was overstating how much those pots hold, and understating how many you can fill.

If precision matters, measure the pot and use the site's potting soil calculator on the actual dimensions. The container table here is for the common sizes when you do not have the pot to hand.

What the weight figure is for

Twenty pounds a cubic foot is the dry figure, and it is the one printed on bags. It is not the number that matters for a balcony, a roof, or a shelf bracket.

Watered mix holds a great deal of water: two to three times the dry weight is a fair planning range, and a large planter that weighs 30 lb coming off the shelf can be over 100 lb after a thorough soak. Work out the wet figure before deciding what a railing planter can carry, not the bag weight.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many quarts are in a cubic foot of soil?
25.7 dry quarts. If you have seen 29.9 quoted, that figure uses liquid quarts, and potting soil is sold in dry quarts - so it is about 16% too high.
How much soil does a 5-gallon bucket hold?
About 0.62 cubic feet, or roughly 16 dry quarts or 17.5 litres, leaving an inch of headroom below the rim. That is a little less than five liquid gallons because you are not filling it to the brim.
How many bags of potting soil do I need for a 12-inch pot?
A 12-inch round pot takes about 0.57 cubic feet - so one 25-quart bag, or most of a 1.5 cubic foot bag which will do that pot and have plenty left over. Set the container and bag selectors above for other combinations.
Why does my soil never stretch as far as the calculator says?
Three usual reasons: liquid quarts used instead of dry quarts, nursery pot sizes taken at face value when they hold about a quarter less than their name, and mix settling after the first watering. Settling is normal - top up rather than packing it down, which destroys the air space roots need.
How much does a bag of potting soil weigh?
About 20 lb per cubic foot dry, so a 1.5 cubic foot bag is roughly 30 lb and a 2 cubic foot bag around 40 lb. Once watered in, expect two to three times that - which is the figure to use for balcony and shelf load, not the bag label.